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This property makes it possible to significantly reduce the size of electrical gear. The high dielectric strength is a result of the gas's high electronegativity and density. SFĦ gas under pressure is used as an insulator in gas insulated switchgear (GIS) because it has a much higher dielectric strength than air or dry nitrogen. Dielectric medium Ħ is used in the electrical industry as a gaseous dielectric medium for high-voltage sulfur hexafluoride circuit breakers, switchgear, and other electrical equipment, often replacing oil-filled circuit breakers (OCBs) that can contain harmful polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Other main uses as of year 2015 included a silicon etchant for semiconductor manufacturing, and an inert gas for the casting of magnesium. The electrical power industry used about 80% of the sulfur hexafluoride produced in year 2000, mostly as a gaseous dielectric medium. It does not react with molten sodium below its boiling point, but reacts exothermically with lithium.
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A main contribution to the inertness of SF 6 is the steric hindrance of the sulfur atom, whereas its heavier group 16 counterparts, such as SeF 6 are more reactive than SF 6 as a result of less steric hindrance (See hydrolysis example). There is virtually no reaction chemistry for SFĦ. Uses in magnesium, aluminium, and electronics manufacturing also hastened atmospheric growth. The increase over the prior 40 years was driven in large part by the expanding electric power sector, including fugitive emissions from banks of SFĦ gas contained in its medium- and high-voltage switchgear. It is generally transported as a liquefied compressed gas.Ħ in Earth's troposphere reached 10 parts per trillion (ppt) in year 2019, rising at 0.35 ppt/year. It has a density of 6.12 g/L at sea level conditions, considerably higher than the density of air (1.225 g/L). It is a hypervalent molecule.Ħ is poorly soluble in water but quite soluble in nonpolar organic solvents. SFĦ has an octahedral geometry, consisting of six fluorine atoms attached to a central sulfur atom. It is inorganic, colorless, odorless, non- flammable, and non-toxic. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6) or sulphur hexafluoride ( British spelling) is an extremely potent and persistent greenhouse gas that is primarily utilized as an electrical insulator and arc suppressant.